In recent studies conducted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), researchers found no evidence of brain injuries or degeneration among US diplomats and government employees who have reported experiencing symptoms associated with Havana syndrome. These symptoms include headaches, balance problems, and cognitive difficulties. Despite the profound and disabling nature of these symptoms, sophisticated MRI scans comparing Havana syndrome patients to healthy government workers revealed no significant differences in brain structure or cognitive function.

The study, which involved around 80 officials exhibiting Havana syndrome symptoms, utilized brain imaging and assessments of blood biomarkers and various clinical factors. Published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the research aimed to uncover any physical damage or alterations that could explain the syndrome, which has affected hundreds of US officials posted abroad. Initial speculation suggested the involvement of microwave weapons by foreign adversaries such as Russia, but this has since been refuted by US intelligence agencies.

One subset of cases diagnosed through the study revealed a balance issue known as PPPD, linked to inner-ear problems and severe stress. However, despite the detailed analysis, the cause of the symptoms remains undetermined, with no discernible physical damage or alteration found in the affected individuals.

Concerns have been raised by Mark Zaid, a lawyer representing some Havana syndrome patients, regarding the ethical conduct of the studies and the lack of substantial new findings. While the studies did not conclusively debunk theories of external harm, they also failed to provide concrete evidence supporting such claims. Calls for further research have been made to better understand and address the complexities of Havana syndrome, which remains a challenging and perplexing health issue for the affected US government officials.