The recent Romssa-Tromsø Statement, released following the Arctic Council’s latest meeting in May, has drawn significant criticism from environmental advocates, particularly regarding its failure to address the urgent need to combat short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon and methane. Dr Sian Prior, Lead Advisor to the Clean Arctic Alliance, voiced her concerns, stating that the statement represents a missed opportunity to recognise the severe impact of climate change on the Arctic, a region already experiencing warming at rates four times faster than the global average.

The demand for meaningful action comes on the heels of a growing understanding of how these pollutants affect not just the Arctic, but the planet as a whole. Black carbon, a byproduct of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, contributes significantly to global warming, with its warming potential estimated to be over three thousand times greater than carbon dioxide over a 20-year period. Shipping is notably a major source, with emissions from this sector doubling in recent years despite prior commitments by Arctic nations to reduce such emissions by between 25% and 33% by 2025.

The Clean Arctic Alliance has called for the new leadership under the Kingdom of Denmark to take decisive action towards curbing these emissions. Prior emphasised the urgency for the shipping industry to transition to fuels that produce significantly less black carbon, highlighting the available alternatives that could mitigate the ongoing environmental crisis in the Arctic. Andrew Dumbrille, a Special Advisor to the Alliance, supported Prior’s comments, noting that delaying discussions on black carbon targets until 2029 neglects the immediate need to protect Arctic communities and ecosystems from these pollutants.

Both black carbon and methane are now widely recognised as “super pollutants,” with methane alone accounting for approximately 30% of the global climate crisis. Its impact is particularly pronounced in the Arctic, where thawing permafrost is releasing huge amounts of stored methane into the atmosphere. In fact, the situation has reached a tipping point where some experts have dubbed it a “ticking methane bomb.” The Arctic Council’s Expert Group on Black Carbon and Methane is tasked with addressing these issues, yet stakeholders argue that the current measures, such as promoting an increase in liquefied natural gas (LNG) shipping, are counterproductive.

The rise of LNG as a marine fuel in Arctic operations—from zero usage in 2014 to nearly 878,000 nautical miles in 2024—has not only added complexity to emissions discussions but has also raised alarms over the environmental footprint of such practices. This further complicates the goal of reducing methane emissions, as the extraction and transportation of LNG are fraught with leaks and other environmental concerns.

In light of these significant challenges, stakeholders are urging the Arctic Council to align its commitments more closely with global agreements like the Global Methane Pledge, which aims for a substantial reduction of methane emissions. Calls for an ambitious strategy that includes a target for methane reduction of 40% by 2030 from 2020 levels have become increasingly pronounced. Civil society initiatives, such as the Beyond Methane Pledge, propose phasing out methane-based LNG as a shipping fuel, which underscores the critical need for collaborative action across Arctic Council member states.

Without immediate and concerted efforts to address the combined threats of black carbon and methane, the consequences for the Arctic will be dire, reverberating globally as the region continues to serve as a critical barometer for climate change. The latest developments signal that while some progress has been made, much more is needed to combat the escalating crisis facing not just the Arctic, but the broader planetary climate system.

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Source: Noah Wire Services